Lock



F. E. BIDDLE March 31, 1925.

LOCK

Filed A i-n 9, 1924 2 Sheet-Shee! 1 I M h 31, 1925.

F. E. BIDDLE Lock Fild Api-u 9, 1924 2 Shah-Shae} 2 Patented ar, 311, 1925.

uN ofsTAT i 1,531,269 PATENT, OFFICE.

RAN EpBIDDLE, or ELKHAR-T, INDIANA.

LOCK.

Application filed April 9,1924. serm No. 705,234.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK E. B11)nLn, a citizen of the United States, and'resident of the city of Elkhart, county of Ellrhart, and

. State of Indiana, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the followmg 1s a SPQClfiCtIlilOIL.

This invention relates to combination locks, andespecially to push-key dOOflOOliS,

, The principal object.ofthe invention is to {provide a combination lock which can be quickly operated by one having the combinatlon, the lock lnclndlng a ser es of interchangeable push keys, of which a plurality are master or looking keys and the Q others I fdummy keys.

' thc outer knob locked; Fig. 2is avie v in;

s1de elevation .exterlorly of the 7 door and partially 1n section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Anotherobj-ect of the invention is to pro..- vide a combination lock for doors which can be quickly operated by one having the combination and in which the locking element isv spring retracted and is provided with means intcriorly of the door to restore the armto the locking position and simultaneously restoring the push-keysto the normal locking position. -Other objects of the invention are mentioned and described herein.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is'illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is; a vertical section through thedoor fragment and lockshowing Fig. 3 is fl/SQCtiQli taken on line" 33 of 'Fig 2 showing the master push-'keyslpositioned to enable operation of the locks Fig.

. l is a section taken online 4:-4: of Fig. 8

illustrating the lockingarm and latch bolt retracted; Fig. 5 is aside view ofthe pushkeys alone showing, the master .keys depressed; Fig.6 is a view in elevation of the locking arm and tumbler hub; Fig-7 is a view of the tumbler ring; F 8' is a view of'the dummy push-keys; andFig. 9 IS a View ofone of the master push-keys.

Similar numerals of referenceindicate like parts throughout thevarions figures on the drawings.

Referring to the details of the drayvings,

the numeral 1 indicates a fragment, in section, of a wood'door Whichmay'be provided with: the intercommunicating recesses 2 and 3 to' receive the lock 'partshereinafter described; The numerals indicates the outer metal 'lock plate and the numeral 5' the 111-.

- oi osssection.

ner metal lock plate'of the device, both of which plates maybe secured to the door body *in any suitable manner. Numeral 6 indicates a bozidike metal casingdisposed within the recess 2 and provided with a side cover, or wallelemen-t, 47 which be secured to the 'CZtSIHg body in any suitable manner, as by screws not shown.

The plates at and 5 aresuitably apertured to admitthe passage of the shaft 7 of the outer lniob 8 andshait 90f the inner Knob suitably journaled, Preferably, the shaft '7 of outer knob 8 is square, or polygonal in The inner end of knob shaft carries, a cylindrical hub 11 which may be in which apertures said knobs be 7 journaled in casingaperture 17 and which is provided With the opposed radial cam lugs 12 and .18, and shaft 9 carries the cylindrical hub 14 which maybe journaled in casing cover aperture 18 and which is provided Withthe opposed radial cam lugs and 16.

all of said cam lugs being disposed within the casing 6. and said shafts being disposed co-axially. Theouter end of easing 6 is suitably apertured to admit the passage .of the latch bolt 19 to the exteiior thereof, the

shank 20 of said bolt projecting laterally flierefronrwithin the casing '6 and serving as, st-o'pelementtherefor. The bolt bars 21 and 22 extend from bolt shank 20 rear- Wardly in parallel snaced relation and rigidly connect with the transverse bolt end Wall, or abutment, -sect1on'23, the latt r being pro .vided with a semi cylindrical recess 2% in Which the cam hubs 11 and 14 normally engage, the cam lugs 12, 13, 15 and 16 being disposed ad acent the lnner periphery of non end Wall 23 on opposite sides of the recess 24. Normally, the bolt assembly described is yieldingly pressed against the outer interior end of the casing 6 by a coil 'spring26 carried upon a post 25 fixed in shank section 20 of said bolt, said spring being seated upon a forked lug 27 rigid with one side Wall 'ofsaidcasing. .The cams 11, 12,15 and 16 are adapted to retractively acsquare knob shaft 7 to lock the latter against rotation, said arm being oil-set at 48 and provided with a. cylindrical hub 49, and provided also with the cylindrical tumbler hub 29 projecting laterally from and centrally of said arm hub and of lesser diameter than said hub 49. The hubs 29 and 49 may be centrally apertured to carry the shaft 30 rigidly secured therein, the end of said shaft being journaled in suitable apertures in the lock plates 4 and 5, the inner end of said shaft being provided with a handle 31 to manually effect partial rotation of the hub 29 and oscillation of arm 28 from the interior side of the door to restore said arm to locking engagement with shaft 7 as here'- inafter described. A coil tension spring 33 is connected at 34 with the hub 49 laterally of the arm 28 and anchored to a hook 35 fixed in the tumbler ring 36, whereby the fork 32 of arm 28 will be disengaged from the shaft 7 when the arm 28 is rendered free to oscillate, as hereinafter described.

The tumbler hub 29 is provided with a series of lugs 37 arranged circumferentiall'y thereof intermediate its longitudinal extremiti'es to form the circular series of notches 50, said notches being adapted to register with the open inner ends of the circular series of key sockets 39 formed in the tumbler ring 36 which fixedly encompasses the tumbler hub 29, when the fork 32 of arm 28 engages shaft 7 to lock the latter.

' The tumbler ring 36 may be rigidly secured to the inner face of the plate 4 by screws 38 and the hub 29 fits loosely within the bore of said. ring, the arm hub 49 being lightly engaged'by the inner face of said tumbler ring. The sockets 39 are radially formed in the ring 36 and are arranged in a circular series therein parallel wit-h the axis of shaft 30, all sockets being alike in size and formation and formed with the cylindrical section 41 and the radial straight section 40, the latter being open to the ring bore. 7

The front plate 4 is provided with a plurality of circular series of apertures, in registration with sockets 39, to admit the passage and disposition of a plurality of headed push-keys 42 and 43 which are slidably arranged in said sockets and which extend to the exterior of said plate to enable manual depression thereof from the exterior of the door, each of said keys being outwardly urged by a coil tension spring 44 disposed in the inner end of each section 41 of said sockets, said springs being seated upon the face of the arm hub or flange 49. The push-key 42, of which four are herein illustrated, and of which any number may be used, is the locking or master key, andkey 43, of which any number may be usedeight being illustrated hereinis the inactive or dummy key;

Each key 42 is provided with a forwardly projecting lug 45 slidably arranged 'in section of the socket 39 and adapted to project normally into'a notch 50 of the hub 29 to lock said hub non-rotatably, and. each key 43 is provided with a rcarwardly projecting lug 46 slidable in section 40 of the socket 39 and normally disposed between the plate 4 and lugs 37 of hub 29 and disengaged from notches 50 and adapted to be thrust into engagement with a notch 50 by one unfamiliar with the lock combina tion to maintain the locked condition of the device.

Assuming that the fork 32 of locking arm 28 is positioned as indicated in Figures 1 and 2, the knob shaft 7 may be quickly un-- locked by depressing inwardly the four keys 42 to disengage the lugs from the tumbler hub notches 50. Thereupon, the spring 33 oscillates the arm 28 to the position indicated by the dotted lines thereof in Figures 2 and 4, whereby the knob shaft 7 may be actuated to retract the latch bolt 19. Fig. 1

illustrates one key lug 45 of key 42 engaging a tumbler notch and the same figure shows a lug 48 of a key 43 disposed between the tumbler lugs 37 and the plate 4. And Fig. 3 shows two of the keys 42 depressed, one of which clearly illustrates the position of lug 45 when disengagedfrom a notch 50.

When the arm 28 is thus oscillated by the spring 33, as described, the tumbler hub 29 makes a partial rotation therewith, thereby carrying the four hub notches 50 out of registration with the tumbler ring sockets 39 andespecially the slots 40 thereof, whereby the lugs 45 of the four keys 42 are disengageably locked between the tumbler lugs 37 and the hub element 49, as illustrated in Fig. 3. To restore the keys 42 to the original position the handle 31 is oscillated slightly to effect partial return rotation of the hub 29, thereby also oscillating arm 28, and when slots 40 and notches 50 are again in registration the springs 44 project the keys 42 outwardly, the reduced portion of the lug 45 engaging the plate 4 as a stop element.

In the event the operator should depress one or more of the keys 43 simultaneously with the actuation of the four keys 42 the lug 46 of key 43 would engage in a hub notch 50, thereby maintaining the locked condition of the device. The key lug 46 of key 43 serves to engage the plate 4 as a stop element in addition to its function heretofore described. In the lock illus trated four of the master keys 42 and eight of the dummy keys 43 are shown and described. But since the keys are interchangeable it will be readily appreciated that the proportion of each set of keys may be changed to suit the operator, whereby innumerable changes of the combination may be efiected, andwhereby it Will be compassment of said tumbler hub, and a plurality of master and duminy'push keys movably mounted insaid-.fixedtumbler element, said master keys-being adapted to releasably lock said tumbler hub to the fixed tumbler element.

"2. In a combination lock, an outer knob; an inner knob; a movable latchbolt; a separateshaft rotatable witheach knob; means on each knob shaft for actuating said latchbolt, said inner knob shaft being constantl rotatable; and means for releasably locking said outer knob shaft against rotation, said means including an oscillatory arm, a cylindrical tumbler hub adapted to be partially rotatedupon oscillation of said arm, a hollow tumbler element rigidly mounted in encompassinent of said tumbler hub and provided with a plurality of key'sockets, and a plurality of master and dummy push-keys movably mounted in said key sockets of said tumbler element, said master keys being adapted to releasably lock said tumbler hub and fixed tumbler element together.

In a combination lock, an outerknob; an inner knob; a movable latch bolt; a separate shaft rotatable With eachknob; means on each knob shaft for actuating said latch bolt, said inner knob shaft being constantly rotatable; and means forreleasably 7 locking said outer knob", shaft against rotation, said means including a movablearm,

a rotatable tumbler hub operatively connected with said arm, a ring-like tumbler fixedly mounted in, encompassment of said rotatable tumbler hub,a circular series of key sockets in said ring-like tumbler, and a plurality of master and dummy push keys movably mounted in said ring-like tumbler sockets, said master keys engaging said rotatable tumbler hub to releasably lock thelatterto said ring-like tumbler.

4c. In a combination lock, an outer knob; an inner knob; a movable latch bolt; a separate shaft rotatable with each knob; means on each knob shaft for actuating said latch bolt, said inner knob shaft being constantly rotatable; and means for releasably looking said outer knob shaft against rotation,

said means including a movable spring actuated arm, a rotatable tumbler hub operatively connected with said arm, a ring-like tumbler fixedly mounted in encompassinent of said rotatable tumbler hub, a circular series of key sockets in said ring-like tumbler, a circular series of notches in said rotatable tumbler hub, and a plurality of master' and dummy push keys movably mounted in said ring-like tumbler sockets, said master keys engaging said rotatable tumbler notches to 'releasably lock. said rotatable tumbler to said ring-like tumbler.

5. In a combination lock, an outer knob; an inner knob; a movable latch bolt; a separate shaft rotatable with each knob; means on each knob shaft for actuating said latch bolt, said inner knob shaft being constantly rotatable; and means for releasably locking said outer knob shaft against rotation, said means including a furcated movable locking element, a rotatable tumbler hub operatively connected with said locking element, a ringliketnmbler fixedly mounted in encompassment of said rotatable tumler hub, a circular series of key sockets in. said ring-like tumbler, said sockets being open at their inner ends, and a plurality of master and dummy push-keys movably mounted in said ring-like tumbler key sockets, said master keys engaging said rotatable tumbler hub to releasably lock the the latter to said ringlike tumbler.

In witness whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature this 7th day of April; 1924:.

' FRANK E. 'BIDDLE. 

